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目的基于追踪数据,验证创新扩散干预手段的有效性,从健康促进的角度提出干预手段和工作思路。方法针对部分城镇社区居民干预试验的基线数据(干预组165人、对照组178人)和追踪调查数据,应用大众传播媒体、人际传播方式、意见领袖和变革者等手段进行干预,采用描述统计、均值比较、方差分析、相关性分析等方法探究不同采用者的特征和干预效果。结果追踪调查结果显示,居民对于使用的干预手段有较好的认同度,干预手段在不同锻炼阶段的综合得分有明显差异(P<0.05);相关性分析显示,干预手段与锻炼阶段之间存在不同程度的相关。结论体育锻炼行为属于预防性创新,需要进行相应的健康教育和干预;大众媒体传播和人际传播手段在体育锻炼早期阶段能够发挥较为积极的作用,而作为较为有影响力的权威人物,意见领袖和变革推动者在个体形成体育锻炼行为规律之前,对体育锻炼者行为的引导和信心的建立尤为重要。这为体育锻炼干预手段的使用提供了新的思路和方法。
Objective To validate the effectiveness of innovative diffusion interventions based on tracking data and to propose interventions and working ideas from the perspective of health promotion. Methods According to the baseline data (165 in intervention group and 178 in control group) and the follow-up survey data of community residents in some urban areas, the interventions were conducted by means of mass media, interpersonal communication, opinion leaders and changers, Mean comparison, analysis of variance, correlation analysis and other methods to explore the characteristics of different users and intervention effects. Results The follow-up survey showed that residents had a better recognition of the interventions used and the differences in the scores of interventions at different stages of exercise were significantly different (P <0.05). Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant difference between interventions and exercise stages Different degrees of correlation. Conclusions Physical exercise is preventive and requires corresponding health education and intervention. Mass media and interpersonal communication can play a more active role in the early stages of physical exercise. As a more influential authority figure, opinion leader and The change agent is especially important for the guidance and confidence of the exerciser before the individual forms the law of physical exercise. This provides a new way of thinking for the use of physical training interventions.