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子痫前期是妊娠妇女和围生儿死亡的主要原因之一,迄今病因仍未明了。目前研究认为,内皮细胞损伤、血管生成抑制和血管间炎症在其发病中起重要作用。一些胎盘及血管源性循环因子的释放,包括血管内皮生长因子、可溶性血管内皮生长因子-1、血管紧张素Ⅱ受体1的自身抗体及肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素1(IL-1)和IL-6、正五聚蛋白3等通过不同途径引起母体血管内皮广泛损伤及全身性炎症反应;血管舒缩因子失衡,例如一氧化氮(NO)、前列环素及肾上腺髓质素等血管舒张因子表达减少,而内皮素、血管紧张素Ⅱ等血管收缩因子表达增加也可导致血管功能紊乱。其中某些标记物还可作为子痫前期发病的预测指标。
Pre-eclampsia is one of the main causes of death in pregnant women and perinatal children, the etiology of which remains unknown. The current study suggests that endothelial cell injury, angiogenesis inhibition and intervascular inflammation play an important role in its pathogenesis. Some placental and vasogenic release of circulating factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor, soluble vascular endothelial growth factor-1, autoantibodies to angiotensin II receptor 1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 ) And IL-6, pentraxin 3 lead to extensive maternal vascular endothelium injury and systemic inflammation through different pathways; imbalance of vasomotor factors such as nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin and adrenomedullin Vasodilator expression decreased, and endothelin, angiotensin Ⅱ and other vasoconstriction factor expression can also lead to vascular dysfunction. Some of these markers can also be used as a predictor of preeclampsia.