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目的探讨保守治疗前后阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患儿睡眠结构的变化.方法采用口腔矫治器对15例确诊为睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的儿童进行保守治疗,利用多导睡眠呼吸监测仪(PSG)分别于治疗前、后进行夜间睡眠监测来评价疗效.结果治疗后患儿的S1期所占比例减少、S2期和快动眼睡眠期(REM)所占比例增加,但与治疗前比较无均明显差异(P>0.05),而慢波睡眠期所占比例则由治疗前的17.80±4.02增加至21.01±3.05,其变化有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后呼吸暂停低通气指数和微觉醒指数较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),而最低血氧饱和度和睡眠效率则较治疗前显著提高(P0.05).But SWS increased 17.80±4.02 to21.01±3.05, and its changes have statistical significance (P < 0.05); After treatment of AHI and MAI was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), but LSPO2 and SE were improved significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion The oral appliance can improve the shape of upper airway in OSAHS patients. So as to achieve correct low oxygen concentration, improve sleep structure and sleep quality of the role.