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灾难是当今社会面临的主要威胁之一。在人口集中的特大城市和经济欠发达地区,突发灾难对人类生命和财产构成严重的威胁。我国灾难医学研究处于起步阶段,目前主要研究集中在对伤病员的应急救治。很显然,应急救治是被动的过程,往往无法改变突发灾难带来的生命和财产的损失。如何预防灾难的发生,降低人类社会应对灾难的脆弱性,提高群众自救、互救能力和专业救援能力,降低灾难所致生命和财产的损失是预防医学的重要课题。预防医学“治未病”的学术思想在灾难预防领域发挥越来越重要的作用,对在灾难条件下维护人类生命和财产安全具有重要意义。本期,我们报道了城市人群应对灾难的脆弱性和知识技能方面的需求,对特大城市灾难预防的特点进行了分析,系统介绍了灾难流行病学这一新兴学科。希望能够引起预防医学领域专家、学者以及城市管理者的共鸣。
Disaster is one of the major threats to society today. In mega-cities and economically underdeveloped areas, sudden disasters pose a serious threat to human life and property. China’s disaster medical research is in its infancy, the main focus of the current study is on the emergency treatment of sick and wounded. Obviously, emergency treatment is a passive process and often can not change the loss of life and property caused by a sudden disaster. How to prevent the occurrence of disasters, reduce the vulnerability of human society in response to disasters, improve people’s self-help, mutual aid and professional rescue capabilities, and reduce the loss of life and property caused by disasters are important topics in preventive medicine. Preventive medicine “treating disease ” academic thought plays an increasingly important role in the field of disaster prevention, which is of great significance for safeguarding human life and property security under disaster conditions. In this issue, we report on the urban population’s response to disaster vulnerability and knowledge and skills. We analyzed the characteristics of megacity disaster prevention and systematically introduced the emerging discipline of disaster epidemiology. Hoping to resonate with experts, academics and city managers in preventive medicine.