在快速傅里叶变换(FFT)方法处理单幅干涉图原理的基础上,提出一种基于样本块匹配的干涉图延拓方法,利用干涉图像的可信度和等照度线特征,来确定待填充块的优先权,然后在干涉图的已知区域寻找与待填充块最相似的样本块来进行填充。充分利用了干涉图的条纹特征,结合梯度变化方向有效地合成纹理信息,具有很好的延拓效果。最后将该干涉图延拓方法与傅里叶变换,合适的滤波函数和相位解包方法结合起来形成整套单幅干涉图处理方法。采用该单幅干涉图处理方法获得的波面峰谷值与Zygo移相干涉仪得到的平均相差不到λ/100,并且两种方法获得的波面均方根值平均相差不到λ/200。 Based on the principle of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to process the single interferogram, an extension method of the interferogram based on the sample block matching is proposed. Using the reliability of the interference image and the contour of isophote, Fill the priority of the block, and then look for the most similar sample block in the known area of ​​the interferogram for filling. Making full use of the fringe features of the interferogram, the textural information is effectively combined with the direction of gradient changes, which has a very good extension effect. Finally, the extension method of the interferogram is combined with the Fourier transform, the appropriate filtering function and the phase unwrapping method to form a complete set of single interferogram processing methods. The difference between the wavefront peak and valley obtained by the single interferogram processing method and the Zygo phase-shifting interferometer is less than λ / 100, and the difference between the two methods is less than λ / 200.