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背景原发性高血压(EH)发病率随年龄增加而升高,既往研究显示激素可能在许多机制中影响血压。目的探讨新疆和田地区维吾尔族(维族)90岁以上的长寿老人睾酮、雌二醇的变化特点及其与年龄、血压的关系。方法223例新疆和田地区维族老年人,分为EH组(n=74)和正常血压组(n=149)。按年龄分长寿组(90～110岁,n=115)和老年组(65～70岁,n=108),其中老年组EH患者占32.4%(35/108),长寿组EH患者占33.9%(39/115)。测量身高、体质量、血压,放射免疫法测睾酮、雌二醇水平。结果无论在EH组或正常血压组,长寿男性睾酮值[EH组(8.0±6.9)、正常血压组(8.9±7.5)nmol/L]均低于老年男性[EH组(17.5±6.1)、正常血压组(19.7±8.0)nmol/L,P<0.05],长寿女性睾酮值[EH组(4.4±5.8)、正常血压组(5.0±6.3)nmol/L]均高于老年女性[EH组(1.6±0.6)、正常血压组(1.4±0.7)nmol/L,P<0.05];长寿男性的睾酮/雌二醇[EH组(128.2±66.4)、正常血压组(125.2±49.1)]均低于老年男性[EH组(275.4±57.0)、正常血压组(242.9±48.8),P<0.01];长寿女性的睾酮/雌二醇[EH组(60.1±55.6)、正常血压组(115.0±50.7)]均高于老年女性[EH组(18.5±57.8)、正常血压组(28.2±50.8),P<0.05]。长寿男性正常血压组雌二醇水平[(71.8±17.1)pmol/L]高于EH组[(65.11±23.12)pmol/L,P<0.05]。男性睾酮和雌二醇与收缩压均呈负相关(睾酮与收缩压:r=-0.310,P<0.05;雌二醇与收缩压:r=-0.313,P<0.05)。长寿组雌二醇与睾酮呈正相关(男性:r=0.352,P<0.05;女性:r=0.346,P<0.05)。多元回归分析显示,不论男性还是女性睾酮水平可能是该地区维族老人长寿的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论新疆和田地区维吾尔族长寿老人男性睾酮较老年人低,长寿女性睾酮值较老年人高。男性睾酮、雌二醇随收缩压升高而下降,睾酮水平可能是该地区老年人长寿的重要影响因素。
Background The incidence of essential hypertension (EH) increases with increasing age, and previous studies have shown that hormones may affect blood pressure in many mechanisms. Objective To investigate the changes of testosterone and estradiol in elderly people aged over 90 in Uighur (Uygur) in Hetian region of Xinjiang and their relationship with age and blood pressure. Methods A total of 223 Uighur elderly in Hetian area of Xinjiang were divided into EH group (n = 74) and normotensive group (n = 149). According to age, the age group (90-110 years old, n = 115) and the elderly group (65-70 years old, n = 108) accounted for 32.4% (35/108) in elderly patients with EH and 33.9% (39/115). Measurement of height, body mass, blood pressure, radioimmunoassay testosterone, estradiol levels. Results Compared with the EH group or the normotensive group, the testosterone levels in the longevity male were lower than those in the elderly male [EH group (17.5 ± 6.1), EH group (8.9 ± 7.5) nmol / L in the EH group (8.0 ± 6.9) (19.7 ± 8.0) nmol / L in the blood pressure group (P <0.05). The levels of testosterone in the longevity women [4.4 ± 5.8 in the EH group and 5.0 ± 6.3 nmol / L in the normotensive group were higher than those in the EH group 1.6 ± 0.6), normotensive group (1.4 ± 0.7) nmol / L, P <0.05]. The serum levels of testosterone / estradiol in EH group (128.2 ± 66.4) and normotensive group (125.2 ± 49.1) The serum levels of testosterone / estradiol [EH group (60.1 ± 55.6), normotensive group (115.0 ± 50.7), normotensive group (275 ± 57.0) and normal blood pressure group (242.9 ± 48.8) )] Were higher than those in elderly women [EH group (18.5 ± 57.8), normotensive group (28.2 ± 50.8), P <0.05]. The estradiol level in longevity male normotensive group was significantly higher than that in EH group [(71.8 ± 17.1) pmol / L [(65.11 ± 23.12) pmol / L, P <0.05]. Testosterone and estradiol were negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure (testosterone and systolic blood pressure: r = -0.310, P <0.05; estradiol and systolic blood pressure: r = -0.313, P <0.05). There was a positive correlation between estradiol and testosterone in longevity group (male: r = 0.352, P <0.05; female: r = 0.346, P <0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that testosterone levels in both men and women may be the influencing factors for the longevity of Uighur elderly in the region (P <0.05). Conclusion The male testosterone in Uyghur longevity elderly people in Hetian area is lower than that in the elderly, and the testosterone in longevity women is higher than that in the elderly. Male testosterone, estradiol decreased with increasing systolic blood pressure, testosterone levels may be an important factor in the elderly longevity in the region.