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Recent experimental and theoretical studies show that energy efficiency,which measures the amount of information processed by a neuron with per unit of energy consumption,plays an important role in the evolution of neural systems.Here we calculate the information rates and energy efficiencies of the Hodgkin-Huxley (HH)neuron model at different temperatures in a noisy environment.It is found that both the information rate and energy efficiency are maximized by certain temperatures.Though the information rate and energy efficiency cannot be maximized simultaneously,the neuron holds a high information processing capacity at the temperature corresponding to the maximal energy efficiency.Our results support the idea that the energy efficiency is a selective pressure that influences the evolution of nervous systems.