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1997年美国糖尿病协会(ADA)提出Ⅱ型糖尿病诊断新标准:空腹血糖(血浆葡萄糖)的正常上限值由140mg/dl降为126mg/dl,空腹血糖介于110～124mg/dl认为空腹血糖失常。作者按照ADA新标准,对德国居民中一组糖尿病危险人群进行普查,观察新发现的Ⅱ型糖尿病、糖耐量减低和空腹血糖失常三者的流行病学(RIAD-研究,Riskfactors in IGTfor aherosclerosis and diabetet)。普查对象和方法:对象为一组糖尿病危险人群1139例,年龄40～70岁,均为糖尿病患者的亲族和/或身患高血压、高血脂症、肥胖症等疾病者,但除外明显的糖尿病。所有对象均进行一次口服葡萄糖(75g)耐量试验(cGTT),血糖水平用作不同糖耐量的分类。结果:按照ADA-诊断新标准(ADA-WHO 1998),上述危险人群中的糖尿病发病率上升为15.1％,按原习用标准为11％;葡萄糖耐量减低者的发病率为26.2％(按原习用标准为28.8％);空腹血糖失常(血糖介于110～126mg/dl)者为27.1%,此中9.2％患者的cGTT2h血糖值相当于糖尿病诊断标准(可诊断为糖尿病)。男性40～49岁组中有14％为原来未发现的Ⅱ型糖尿病,约一倍于女性40～49岁组(6％)。此外,高血压、高血脂症和肥胖症等合并存在的疾病,在糖尿病和糖耐量减低者中,显著高于在血糖正常者中。结论:在这一危险人群中,按习用诊断标准未被
1997 American Diabetes Association (ADA) proposed a new diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes: normal upper limit of fasting plasma glucose (plasma glucose) decreased from 140mg / dl to 126mg / dl, fasting blood glucose between 110 ~ 124mg / dl that fasting blood glucose disorders . The authors conducted a census of a group of at-risk diabetic populations in German residents according to the new ADA criteria and observed the epidemiology of newly discovered type 2 diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose (RIAD-Risk, Risk Factors in IGT for aherosclerosis and diabetet ). Census objects and methods: The object of a group of 1139 people at risk for diabetes, aged 40 to 70 years old, are diabetic and / or suffering from hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity and other diseases, except for obvious diabetes . All subjects underwent an oral glucose (75 g) tolerance test (cGTT) and blood glucose levels were used as a classification of different glucose tolerances. Results: According to the new ADA-WHO criteria (ADA-WHO 1998), the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in these at-risk groups increased to 15.1% based on the original criteria of 11% and the incidence of impaired glucose tolerance was 26.2% Standard 28.8%); fasting blood glucose disorders (blood glucose between 110 ~ 126mg / dl) was 27.1%, of which 9.2% of patients with cGTT2h blood glucose equivalent to the diagnostic criteria for diabetes (can be diagnosed with diabetes). Fourteen percent of men in the 40-49 age group were previously untreated type 2 diabetes, which was about twice as many as women in the 40-49 age group (6%). In addition, co-existing diseases such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and obesity are significantly higher in those with diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance than in those with normal blood glucose. CONCLUSIONS: According to the prevalence of diagnostic criteria, this group of people at risk is not