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目的了解武汉市区主要湖泊水中微囊藻毒素的污染状况及随时间变化的规律。方法于2008年6—10月及2009年4、5月,对武汉市内南湖、东湖、沙湖、北湖、菱角湖、中山湖、莲花湖、墨水湖、月湖9个主要湖泊11个采样点(东湖设3个采样点)进行水样的采集。水样经过滤、反复冻融等处理,分离细胞内和游离藻毒素。通过反相C18柱吸附浓缩样品中游离藻毒素,采用间接竞争ELISA法检测水样中藻毒素浓度。结果湖水中游离藻毒素浓度大多从6月起逐渐升高,到8—10月可达顶峰,最高可达0.121 2 ng/ml,但均未超标;细胞内藻毒素浓度为0.239 8～16.726 7 ng/ml,大多在7、8月较高,而9月稍低,4、5月最低。结论武汉市主要湖泊水样中游离藻毒素浓度普遍在8月达到最高,可能由于藻细胞开始大量死亡崩解而释放出过量游离藻毒素所致。
Objective To understand the status of microcystin contamination in the water of major lakes in Wuhan and its regularity with time. Methods From June to October in 2008 and April and May 2009, 11 samples were collected from 9 major lakes in Inner Nanhu, Donghu, Shahu, Beihu, Lingjiao, Zhongshan, Lianhu, Wuhan and Yuehu in Wuhan Point (East Lake set up three sampling points) for water samples collected. Water samples were filtered, frozen and thawed repeatedly to separate intracellular and free algal toxins. Free algae toxin was concentrated by reversed-phase C18 column, and the concentration of algal toxins in water sample was detected by indirect competitive ELISA. Results Most of the concentrations of algal toxins in the lake increased gradually from June to June and peaked from August to October, reaching a maximum of 0.121 2 ng / ml, but none of them exceeded the standard. The concentrations of algal toxins in the ponds ranged from 0.239 8 to 16.726 7 ng / ml, mostly in July and August, but lower in September and lowest in April and May. Conclusion The concentration of free algal toxins in the main lake water samples in Wuhan generally reached the highest in August, possibly due to the release of excess algal toxins due to the massive death and disintegration of algae cells.