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[目的]了解任城区儿童的心理健康现状,以便更好的对儿童的不良心理活动进行有效的干预,培养儿童健康的心理。[方法]随机抽取济宁市任城区20所幼儿园的大、中班4~6岁儿童共1 526名进行了心理现状问卷调查,并进行统计分析。[结果]通过对1 497名合格调查问卷的资料分析整理发现,在语言表达和数字运算能力方面均存在性别和年龄的差异(P<0.01)。在冒险行为方面也存在性别差异(P<0.01);大、中班儿童差异不明显(P>0.05)。公共卫生道德水准方面女童高于男童(P<0.01),大班儿童高于中班幼儿(P<0.01)。在注意力方面女童较男童更容易集中(P<0.01);大班儿童较中班儿童容易集中(P<0.01)。[结论]儿童在语言表达能力、冒险行为、公共卫生道德、注意力、运算能力和注意力等方面都处于重要发展时期,性别及年龄有不同差异,应分性别和不同发育阶段加强心理健康教育,促进身心健康。
[Objective] To understand the status quo of mental health of children in Rencheng District in order to better interfere with the adverse psychological activities of children and to cultivate the healthy psychology of children. [Method] A total of 1 526 children aged 4 ~ 6 years from 20 kindergartens in Rencheng District of Jining City were selected randomly to conduct a survey of psychological status quo and conduct statistical analysis. [Results] Through analyzing the data of 1 497 qualified questionnaires, we found that there were differences of gender and age in language expression and numerical calculation ability (P <0.01). There was also a gender difference in risk-taking behavior (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between the children of middle school and middle school (P> 0.05). Girls in the public health ethics level were higher than those in boys (P <0.01), and children in higher classes were higher than those in middle school children (P <0.01). Girls were more likely to focus attention than boys in attention (P <0.01); children in older classes were more likely to be more concentrated than those in middle class (P <0.01). [Conclusion] Children are in an important period of development in terms of language skills, risk taking behaviors, public health ethics, attention, computing abilities and attention. There are differences in gender and age, and mental health education should be strengthened according to sex and different stages of development , Promote physical and mental health.