超现实主义(Surrealism)是现代西方资产阶级文艺运动之一,产生于本世纪二十年代的法国。它的先驱达达主义(Dadaism)是一种极端形式主义的文艺流派,盛行于一九一五——一九二二年,由大战中避难在苏黎世的一群作家与艺术家命名和代表,对世界抱虚无主义的态度。“达达宣言”鼓吹推翻一切现存伦理和艺术标准。达达主义衰退后,超现实主义继之而起。它以本格森的直觉主义与弗洛依德的下意识说为基础,否认理性的 Surrealism, one of the modern Western bourgeois literary movements, was born in France in the 1920s. Its pioneer Dadaism is an extreme formalistic genre of literature and art prevailing in 1915-1922, named and represented by a group of writers and artists who had sought refuge in the war in Zurich, Hold nihilistic attitude. The Dada Declaration advocates the overthrow of all existing ethical and artistic standards. Surrealism ensues following the downturn of Dadaism. It denied rationality based on Benjamin’s intuitionism and Freud’s subconscious