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目的：探讨激素诱发兔股骨头坏死的机理。方法：采用马血清和大剂量肾上腺糖皮质激素（氟美松）诱发成年兔股骨头坏死。将40只新西兰白兔分为三组：A组10只作为正常对照，B组10只给予10mg/Kg/d氟美松，连续给药7天。C组20只给予静注马血清两次后，注射与B组同剂量氟美松。HE染色，光镜观察，用CMLAS-彩色图像分析系统检测骨髓腔内造血组织与脂肪组织比值，并检测脂肪细胞直径、周长、面积等参数和计数检测每百个骨陷窝内坏死骨细胞数（空骨陷窝数）。结果：B、C组骨小梁萎缩，骨细胞核固缩，空骨陷窝数分别为20％和21％，明显多于正常对照组8％，骨髓腔内造血组织显著减少，脂肪组织明显增多，脂肪空泡变大，各测量参数与对照组比较均有显著意义（p＜0．01）。结论：应用大剂量激素可诱发成年兔股骨头坏死。骨髓腔内脂肪堆积，骨髓腔内压升高可导致股骨头缺血而诱发骨细胞坏死。
Objective: To investigate the mechanism of hormone-induced femoral head necrosis in rabbits. Methods: Adult rabbits were induced necrosis of femoral head by using horse serum and high dose glucocorticoid (dexamethasone). Forty New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three groups: 10 in group A served as normal control, 10 in group B received 10 mg / kg / day of dexamethasone for 7 days. Group C, 20 were given intravenous horse serum two times after injection with the same dose of group B dexamethasone. HE staining and light microscopy were used to detect the ratio of hematopoietic tissue to adipose tissue in the marrow cavity by CMLAS-color image analysis system. The diameter, perimeter, area and other parameters of adipocytes were measured and counted to determine the number of necrotic osteocytes Number (empty nest number). Results: The trabecular bone atrophy and the number of empty bone lacuna in groups B and C were 20% and 21%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (8%). The hematopoietic tissue in the bone marrow cavity was significantly reduced and the adipose tissue was significantly increased , Fat vacuoles became larger, and the measured parameters were significantly different from the control group (p <0.01). Conclusion: The application of high-dose hormones can induce osteonecrosis of femoral head in adult rabbits. Bone marrow cavity fat accumulation, increased intramedullary pressure can lead to osteonecrosis of the femoral head osteonecrosis.