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目的探讨荧光原位杂交(Fluorescence in situ Hybridization,FISH)技术在哈萨克族食管鳞状细胞癌分子病理学诊断及预后判断中的临床应用价值。方法选择新疆医科大学第一附属医院行食管癌根治手术治疗的食管鳞状细胞癌患者40例和正常对照组10例,采用FISH技术,以手术切除新鲜癌组织为标本,检测3号、17号染色体着丝粒(CEP3、CEP17)的异常拷贝,并与传统的病理学诊断进行比较。结果 40例患者的CEP3和CEP17均出现异常拷贝即异倍体(aneuplody)。CEP3和CEP17在高、中、低分化癌组织中的变异率分别为42.0%和40.5%、62.9%和46.8%、76.95%和63.5%。CEP3和CEP17的平均变异率分别为61.2%、61.0%。结论FISH技术在哈萨克族食管癌的诊断中可作为客观性检测指标在临床上作为传统病理诊断的辅助性诊断措施应用。CEP3和CEP17探针可能作为预测食管癌患者预后的生物指标。
Objective To investigate the clinical value of Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) in the diagnosis and prognosis of Kazakh esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods Forty esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients and 10 normal esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients who underwent radical resection of esophageal carcinoma underwent radical resection in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were treated with FISH technique. Chromosome centromere (CEP3, CEP17) abnormal copies, and compared with the traditional pathological diagnosis. Results 40 cases of patients with abnormal copies of CEP3 and CEP17 that aneuploidy (aneuplody). The mutation rates of CEP3 and CEP17 in high, moderate and poorly differentiated cancer tissues were 42.0% and 40.5%, 62.9% and 46.8%, 76.95% and 63.5%, respectively. The average mutation rates of CEP3 and CEP17 were 61.2% and 61.0% respectively. Conclusion The FISH technique can be used as an objective diagnostic indicator in the diagnosis of esophageal cancer in Kazakh as a diagnostic measure for traditional pathological diagnosis. CEP3 and CEP17 probes may be used as biomarkers to predict the prognosis of esophageal cancer patients.