本文报道应用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ）测定蚌埠市学龄前儿童发中６种微量元素（钙、镁、铜、铁、锌、锰）的方法，将儿童分为３个不同年龄组，分别测定每个儿童头发的６种元素的本底值．结果表明学龄前儿童发中锌值偏低，年龄愈小，缺锌率愈高，３～４岁年龄组缺锌率占７５．６６％，提示缺锌的预防应在学龄前早期进行．其余５种元素的本底值均与有关文献报道的范围接近． This paper reports a method for the determination of 6 trace elements (calcium, magnesium, copper, iron, zinc and manganese) in the hair of preschool children in Bengbu by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) Age groups were used to determine the background values ​​of the 6 elements for each child’s hair. The results showed that pre-school children hair zinc value is low, the younger, the higher the rate of zinc deficiency, 3 to 4 age group zinc deficiency accounted for 75.66%, suggesting that prevention of zinc deficiency should be carried out early in preschool age. The background values ​​of the other five elements are close to those reported in the literature.