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目的:观察高温高强度军事训练对某部士兵心血管功能的影响。方法:随机抽取某部训练基地夏季参加10km长跑训练士兵52例,采用校正合格的医用台式水银血压计测定其训练前后心率、收缩压和舒张压水平,其中45例测定训练前后12导联心电图,比较分析训练前后心率、收缩压、舒张压和心电图的变化。结果:某部士兵训练后心率、收缩压、舒张压值显著或非常显著快(高)于训练前(P<0.05,P<0.01)。城市与农村籍士兵训练前后心率、收缩压和舒张压值比较,差异不显著(P>0.05)。大专及以上士兵训练后心率显著低于高中士兵训练后(P<0.05),收缩压值显著高于初中士兵训练后(P<0.05),其他差异不显著(P>0.05)。独生子女与非独生子女士兵训练前后心率、收缩压和舒张压值比较,差异不显著(P>0.05)。训练年限≥3年士兵训练后收缩压值显著低于训练年限1年士兵(P<0.05),其他不同训练年限士兵的心率、收缩压及舒张压值差异不显著(P>0.05)。某部士兵高温高强度军事训练后心电图变化主要表现为窦性心动过速和ST段压低。结论:高温高强度军事训练对某部士兵心血管系统有短暂影响,但可耐受。
Objective: To observe the effect of high temperature and high intensity military training on the cardiovascular function of a soldier. Methods: Fifty-two long-distance training soldiers participating in 10km long-distance training were selected randomly from a training base in summer. The heart rate, systolic pressure and diastolic blood pressure before and after training were measured by a calibrated medical desktop mercury sphygmomanometer. Among them, The changes of heart rate, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and electrocardiogram were compared before and after training. Results: The heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of a soldier were significantly (or significantly) significantly faster than those before training (P <0.05, P <0.01). Heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were not significantly different between soldiers in urban and rural areas before and after training (P> 0.05). The heart rate was significantly lower than that of the soldiers trained in the high school (P <0.05), and the systolic blood pressure was significantly higher than that of the soldiers in the junior middle school (P <0.05). The other differences were insignificant (P> 0.05). The differences of heart rate, systolic pressure and diastolic blood pressure between the only-child and non-only-child soldiers before training were not significant (P> 0.05). The training time of soldiers ≥ 3 years after training soldiers systolic blood pressure was significantly lower than the training years soldiers (P <0.05), other soldiers of different training years heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure values were not significantly different (P> 0.05). Electrocardiogram changes of a soldier after high temperature and high intensity military training mainly include sinus tachycardia and ST depression. Conclusion: High-temperature and high-intensity military training has a short-term impact on the cardiovascular system of a soldier, but it can be tolerated.