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目的对食盐碘含量调整前后无锡市8~10周岁儿童碘营养调查结果进行动态分析,为合理补碘提供科学依据。方法 2011年及2014年分别采用容量比例概率抽样法(PPS)在全市范围内抽取30所小学,每所小学按8~10岁年龄组各抽取学生42名,检查儿童甲状腺及尿碘,家中食用盐的盐碘含量,同时进行预防碘缺乏病相关知识知晓情况问卷调查。结果2014年,该市8~10周岁儿童甲肿率为2.70%,儿童尿碘水平M(P25~P75)为187.4(126.3~255.9)μg/L,平均智商(IQ值)为(109.79±14.41),健康知识知晓平均成绩为(61.95±32)分;与2011年相比,儿童甲状腺肿大率增高(χ2=11.969,P=0.001),家中食用盐碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率均有所下降(P<0.05),两年间儿童尿碘水平构成差异有统计学意义(χ2=66.30,P<0.001),2014年平均成绩为低于2011年(Z=-9.867,P<0.001);2014年健康知识知晓及格率(25.41%)低于2011年(59.59%),χ2=97.651,P<0.001。结论该市在2012年食盐碘含量调整后,儿童甲状腺肿大率、家中食用碘盐非碘盐率有所上升,在合理调整食盐碘含量的同时应加强预防碘缺乏的健康教育,明确科学补碘的重要性。
Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition of children aged 8 ~ 10 years in Wuxi City before and after the adjustment of iodine content, to provide a scientific basis for rational iodine supplementation. Methods In 2011 and 2014, 30 primary schools were selected within the city by volume proportional probability sampling (PPS). Each primary school sampled 42 children from 8 to 10 years old and examined thyroid and urinary iodine in children. Salt salt iodine content, while knowledge of iodine deficiency disorders prevention knowledge of the questionnaire survey. Results In 2014, the gestational age of children aged 8-10 years was 2.70%. The urinary iodine level of children was 187.4 (126.3-255.9) μg / L and the mean IQ was 109.79 ± 14.41 (P25 ~ P75) ), And the average score of knowledge of health was (61.95 ± 32) points. Compared with 2011, the rate of goiter was higher in children (χ2 = 11.969, P = 0.001) (Χ2 = 66.30, P <0.001). The average score in 2014 was lower than that in 2011 (Z = -9.867, P <0.001), and the difference was statistically significant ); In 2014, the pass rate of health knowledge awareness (25.41%) was lower than that of 2011 (59.59%), χ2 = 97.651, P <0.001. Conclusion After adjustment of iodine content in the city in 2012, there was an increase in goiter rate and non-iodized salt rate of iodized salt in children. In order to properly adjust salt iodine content, health education should be strengthened to prevent iodine deficiency, The importance of iodine.