论文部分内容阅读
现代道德哲学关于道德共同体的建构是从寻找他在性出发的。在坚持自律的康德这里,他在性表现为理性存在者结合为目的王国的共同法则,这一法则是抽象的,是一种弱的他在性形式,所以,目的王国作为道德共同体也是空洞的。20世纪的道德哲学在话语中寻找他在性,并在勒维纳斯对他人话语的阐述中找到了一种强的他在性形式,但这种过强的他在性形式却反而阻碍了我与他人间道德共同体的形成。哈贝马斯与罗尔斯向我们提供了关于他在性的两种不同理解,分别从话语实践和制度实践的角度推进了道德共同体的建构。但在现实中,人类的道德处境并未有所改善,因而,道德共同体的建构仍然是一种未竟的探索。
The construction of moral community in modern moral philosophy begins with looking for him in nature. In Kant, a disciplined self-discipline, here he is the common law of the kingdom that sexuality is manifested as a combination of rational beings. This law is abstract and is a weak one in sexual form. Therefore, the kingdom of purpose as a moral community is also empty . The moral philosophy of the twentieth century sought him in discourse and found a strong form of sexuality in Levinas’s account of the discourse of others, The formation of a moral community between me and others. Habermas and Rawls provided us with two different understandings of his sexuality, and promoted the construction of a moral community from the perspective of discourse practice and institutional practice respectively. However, in reality, the moral situation of mankind has not been improved. Therefore, the construction of moral community is still an unfinished exploration.