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小儿直肠息肉是一种良性小肿物。多单发或两三个发生于直肠及结肠粘膜表面。好发年龄为2～7岁,很少超过青春期。临床上表现为无痛性少量便血,多为鲜红色,部分染红正常大便,不继发贫血,约于1、2年内自愈。发病率相当高。北京儿童医院每天小儿外科门诊中约占1%。小儿直肠息肉与直肠结肠息肉或散发性胃肠道息肉不同。从组织学上看,它不属于腺瘤,而是肉芽肿。50年代我们曾做过500张小儿息肉切片。发现最早的“息肉”只是直肠粘膜缺损处覆盖的小豆状肉芽组织。“无蒂息肉”则为一半球形肉芽肿,根基为粘膜下纤维组织,肉芽肿与肠粘膜相连续并有部分上皮覆盖肉芽肿的底环。“有蒂息肉”则见“蒂”为正常肠粘膜
Pediatric rectal polyps is a benign small tumor. Multiple or two or three occur in the rectum and colon mucosal surface. Good hair age of 2 to 7 years old, rarely exceed adolescence. Clinical manifestations of painless small amount of blood in the stool, mostly bright red, part of the stained red stool, not secondary to anemia, about 1,2 years of self-healing. The incidence is quite high. Beijing Children’s Hospital daily pediatric surgery in about 1%. Pediatric rectal polyps and colon colorectal polyps or sporadic gastrointestinal polyps different. Histologically, it does not belong to adenomas, but granulomas. In the 1950s we had 500 pediatric polyps. Found that the earliest “polyps” is only the rectal mucosal defect covered by bean-like granulation tissue. “No pedantal polyp ” is a half spherical granuloma, the basis for submucosal fibrous tissue, granuloma and intestinal mucosa continuous and part of the epithelium covering the bottom ring of granulomas. “Pedunculated polyp ” See “pedicle ” for normal intestinal mucosa