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由于日益增多的国际电力交易将各国紧密地连接在一起,分析全球电力贸易网络的结构有助于识别各国重要性,进而为增强全球电力网络的可靠性和弹性提供决策支持。利用复杂网络理论分析了1990—2010年间国际电力贸易网络的演化结构及特征,结果表明不同于普通商品交易,国际电力交易具有地区性特征,可分为多个地区子网络。其中,欧亚子网络历史最久、规模最大。因此,着重分析了欧亚电力贸易网络的网络性质和群落结构特点。另外,分析各国发电CO_2排放因子与输入电力排放因子的差距,发现当前国际电力贸易在优化电力供需的同时尚且没有带来正面的CO_2减排效果。
The analysis of the structure of the global electricity trade network helps to identify the importance of each country and to provide decision support to enhance the reliability and resilience of the global electricity network as the international electricity exchange increasingly involves countries in close connection. The complex network theory was used to analyze the evolutionary structure and characteristics of the international power trade network from 1990 to 2010. The results show that unlike international commodity trading, international electricity trading has regional characteristics and can be divided into several sub-networks. Among them, the Eurasian sub-network has the longest history and the largest scale. Therefore, the characteristics of network and community structure of Eurasian power trade network are emphatically analyzed. In addition, the gap between CO 2 emission factor and input electricity emission factor is analyzed. It is found that the current international electricity trade does not bring about a positive CO 2 emission reduction effect while optimizing electricity supply and demand.