行业协会自治作为市场经济重要特征之一,是我国经济体制改革向深层次拓展不可或缺的一环。西方理论法学界在行业自治的发展机理、权源、自治规范和法律规定的互动方面都有一定的理论建树。文章通过对美国行业协会自治的相关理论与实践的分析,指出其对于我国行业协会进一步市场化改革的借鉴作用和局限性。基于我国国情,文章提出构建自治和法治共存互动,多层次、多元素的行业协会管理体系的建议。 As one of the important features of the market economy, the self-governance of the trade associations is an indispensable part of the deep reform of China’s economic system. Western theoretical circle of law in the development of industrial autonomy, power, self-government norms and laws and regulations have some interaction in the development of theory. Through the analysis of the theory and practice about the autonomy of American trade associations, the article points out its reference and limitation for the further market-oriented reform of China’s trade associations. Based on China’s national conditions, the article puts forward suggestions on establishing a management system for the association of industry with autonomy and the rule of law, with multi-level and multi-element coexistence and interaction.