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民国时期关于国家发展道路的问题在知识界引起了几次大的辩论,其中“以农立国”和“以工立国”的争论是这一时期大辩论的重要论题之一。围绕这一论题的论争大体分为三个阶段,即20世纪20年代农工立国基础争论的发端,30年代以现代化为指向的农工立国争论的展开,40年代趋向综合视角的农工立国争论的尾声。
The question about the path of national development in the Republic of China caused a number of major debates in the intellectual world. Among them, the debate on “establishing a nation by agriculture” and “building a nation by work” were one of the major topics in the debate during this period. The controversy surrounding this topic can be divided into three stages: the beginning of the basic dispute over the nation-building of agricultural workers in the 1920s, the controversy over the establishment of a nation-building agro-industrialism directed by modernization in the 1930s, and the conclusion of the agrarian nation-building debate in the 1940s.