屠夫在古代是一种地位卑微的职业,元代以前很少受到关注。随着元代商品经济的繁荣和市民阶层的不断壮大,屠夫作为市民的一种,也开始以主角的身份走进元杂剧。在现存两百多种元杂剧中,有三本是以屠夫作为主角的。元杂剧中的屠夫深受侠义精神与儒家思想的影响,是二者的结合。他们既是社会生活的真实反映,又在文本中承担着宣泄作者情感、宣扬社会教化与揭露社会现实的重要功能。 The butcher was a humble occupation in ancient times, and Yuan Dynasty was seldom seen before. With the prosperity of the commodity economy and the continuous growth of the public class in the Yuan Dynasty, the butcher, as a kind of citizen, began to enter the Yuan Dynasty drama as a protagonist. Of the more than 200 existing yuan drama series, three feature the butcher. Yuanzhang’s butcher is deeply influenced by chivalrous spirit and Confucianism, which is the combination of the two. They are not only the true reflection of social life, but also bear the important function of catching the writer’s emotions in the texts and publicizing the social enlightenment and exposing the social reality.