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目的为甲状腺手术中结扎甲状腺上动脉时防止喉上神经外侧支损伤提供形态学依据。方法对20具(40侧)喉上神经外侧支的发出部位、走行和甲状腺上动脉伴行关系进行解剖观察测量。结果喉上神经外侧支在舌骨大角处由喉上神经分出,在舌骨大角与环状软骨中点连线的上、中段喉上神经外侧支与甲状腺上动脉伴行,有95%(38侧)行于动脉的内侧,在连线下段喉上神经外侧支与甲状腺上动脉分离,喉上神经外侧支进入环甲肌点相距甲状腺侧叶上极(6.5±3.2mm)。结论甲状腺手术中在舌骨大角与环状软骨中点连线下1/3段靠甲状腺侧叶上极表面结扎甲状腺上动脉,可避免损伤喉上神经外侧支。
Objective To provide a morphological basis for preventing injury of the lateral branch of the larynx when ligating the thyroid artery in thyroid surgery. Methods Twenty (40 sides) of the lateral laryngeal branch of the larynx were dissected and dissected. Results The lateral branch of the superior laryngeal nerve branches out from the laryngeal nerve at the large angle of the hyoid and accompanies the superior and middle lateral branches of the superior laryngeal nerve with the thyroid artery. 95% (38 sides ) Line in the medial arteries, in the connection of the lower thoracic nerve lateral branch and the thyroid artery separation, the lateral branch of the laryngeal nerve into the point of the thyroid muscle next to the superior pole (6.5 ± 3.2mm). Conclusion Thyroid surgery in the hyoid horn and the middle of the cricoid connection 1/3 on the surface of the thyroid on the pole of the upper surface of the thyroid artery ligation, to avoid damage to the lateral branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.