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目的探讨电磁脉冲(EMP)辐照对大鼠血清部分生化指标和左心室肌损伤的影响。方法 48只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组和EMP辐照组,每组24只。EMP辐照组在锥形平板GTEM小室内接受200 k V/m的EM P辐照,正常对照组进行假辐照。各组于辐照后12、24、48、96 h,采用全自动生化检测仪检测血清钾离子(K+)、钠离子(Na+)、谷氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)的含量;同时取左心室肌制备电镜超薄切片,应用透射电镜观察心肌超微结构的改变。结果 EMP辐照组与正常对照组相比血清K+、Na+浓度于辐照后24 h显著下降(P<0.05);ALT含量分别于辐照后12、24、48 h显著升高(P<0.01,P<0.05),96 h恢复;AST含量分别于辐照后12、24、48、96 h显著升高(P<0.01,P<0.001)。EMP辐照后12 h心肌超微结构即发生改变,24 h变化最为明显,主要表现为肌浆网扩张,线粒体肿胀,嵴排列紊乱、减少甚至空泡化,闰盘间隙增宽。48 h较24 h明显好转,96 h已基本恢复正常。结论 EMP辐照可造成大鼠K+、Na+、ALT及AST含量异常,心脏组织超微结构可复性损伤。
Objective To investigate the effects of electromagnetic pulse (EMP) irradiation on serum biochemical markers and left ventricular muscle injury in rats. Methods 48 male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group and EMP irradiation group, 24 rats in each group. The EMP irradiation group received EM P irradiation of 200 k V / m in a conical flat GTEM chamber, and the normal control group was subjected to the pseudo-irradiation. The levels of serum K +, Na +, ALT and AST were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer at 12,24,48 and 96 h after irradiation ). At the same time, ultrathin sections of the left ventricle were prepared and the changes of myocardial ultrastructure were observed by transmission electron microscope. Results Compared with the normal control group, the concentrations of K + and Na + in serum of EMP irradiation group decreased significantly (P <0.05) 24 h after irradiation; the content of ALT increased significantly at 12, 24 and 48 h after irradiation , P <0.05), and recovered at 96 h. The levels of AST were significantly increased at 12, 24, 48 and 96 h after irradiation (P <0.01, P <0.001). Myocardial ultrastructural changes occurred 12 h after EMP irradiation, with the most obvious change at 24 h. Mainly showed sarcoplasmic reticulum dilatation, mitochondria swelling, disordered ridge arrangement, reduced or even vacuolization, and widened intercalated disc gap. 48 h significantly improved over 24 h, 96 h has returned to normal. Conclusion EMP irradiation can cause abnormal levels of K +, Na +, ALT and AST in rats, and ultrastructure of heart tissue can be repaired.