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综述了三门峡水库的建设缘由、水利枢纽工程的增建与改建、水库运用与潼关高程的关系、对潼关高程问题采取的主要措施、水库的水沙调节特点与能力以及水库在当前黄河调水调沙中担负的重要作用。通过对汛期水库运用方式的分析,认为现行的“洪水排沙、平水发电”方式是合理的,洪水量大幅度减少是造成潼关高程问题的根本原因,汛期平水敞泄排沙效果差,会造成一系列负面影响。未来汛期水库实时敞泄可从补充方案中选取,即依据年度累计淤积量、汛期时段分布和水库净排沙比变化等进行敞泄,以实现当年库区少淤多冲或冲淤平衡,潼关高程下降或稳定,达到多目标综合最优。
The reasons for the construction of Sanmenxia Reservoir, the construction and reconstruction of Sanjiangxia Reservoir, the relationship between reservoir utilization and Tongguan elevation, the main measures taken for the elevation of Tongguan, the characteristics and capacity of water and sediment regulation in reservoirs, Sand plays an important role. Based on the analysis of reservoir operation patterns in flood season, it is considered that the current “flood sediment discharge and flat water power generation” mode is reasonable. The drastic reduction of flood discharge is the root cause of Tongguan elevation problem. Will cause a series of negative effects. In the future flood season, real-time venting and venting of reservoirs can be selected from the supplementary schemes, namely, opening and venting according to the annual cumulative siltation, the distribution of flood season periods and the change of net sediment discharge ratio of reservoirs, so as to achieve less silt multi-flushing or scouring and silting balance in the reservoir area at that time. Elevation down or stability, to achieve multi-objective synthesis of the best.