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序言关于日本空气弹簧转向架的发展情况,曾在以前写的一篇文章中讨论过(参见日本铁道工程三卷三期1962年9月版)。这篇文章叙述了一些利用摇枕弹簧(没有采用摇动吊杆)吸收垂直和横向振动的空气弹簧转向架,但是在发表这篇文章时,它们还只处于试验阶段。就这种形式的转向架来说,空气弹簧通常是如图1中A和B所示的使用情况,这一点对简化转向架结构和使空气弹簧的支承位置提高都有许多优点。在日本,研究摩托车辆转向架用的空气弹簧,其目的主要在改善空气弹簧的横向位移特性。在这方面已经做了很多努力,特别是自从研究东海道新干线摩托车辆上采用空气弹簧以来。
Preamble The development of the air spring bogie in Japan was discussed in a previously written article (see Japanese Railways, Vol. III, No. 1962, September 1962). This article describes some air spring bogies that utilize bolster springs (which do not use a jib boom) to absorb both vertical and lateral vibrations, but at the time of this article they were still in the experimental phase. With this type of bogie, air springs are generally used as shown at A and B in Fig. 1, which has many advantages in terms of simplifying the bogie structure and increasing the supporting position of the air spring. In Japan, air springs for motor vehicle bogies are mainly aimed at improving the lateral displacement characteristics of an air spring. Much effort has been made in this regard, especially since the introduction of air springs on motorcycles on the Shinkansen in the Tokaido.