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近几年来,由于半导体技术和集成工艺的飞速发展,集成电路的集成度和开关速度不断提高,功耗和价格日益降低,各种类型计算机迅速换代,性能价格比日益增高,软件日益丰富,应用日益广泛、深入,对国民经济和社会生活各方面正发挥着越来越大的作用。随着计算机应用的不断深入,对计算机的性能又提出更高的要求,除了价格低廉、使用广泛的微型计算机之外,发展高性能计算机受到各国计算机研究机构和公司的普遍重视,最新的超大型通用计算机系统如表1,运算速度不断提高,存贮容量不断扩大,通道的输入输出能力不断加强。
In recent years, due to the rapid development of semiconductor technology and integrated process, the integration and switch speed of integrated circuits have been continuously improved, the power consumption and price have been decreasing day by day, the rapid replacement of various types of computers, the ever-increasing cost performance, the increasingly abundant software, It is playing a more and more important role in all aspects of the national economy and social life. With the continuous deepening of computer applications, computer performance has put forward higher requirements. In addition to the low price and extensive use of microcomputers, the development of high-performance computers has attracted the attention of computer research institutes and companies in various countries. The latest ultra-large General-purpose computer system as shown in Table 1, computing speed continues to increase, storage capacity continues to expand, channel input and output capabilities continue to strengthen.