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制度的善德体现为公正。制度公正是构建和谐社会的必要条件,但仅此还是不够的,还必须培育公民的善德。首先,公正的社会制度是孕育和发展公民善德良序的基础和保证,但制度本身毕竟又是由具体的、具有某种德性的人来制定和执行的;其次,社会制度是刚性的、普遍性的,而公民善德则是个体性的、柔性的,因此两者在所涉内容和调节特点上也构成一种互补互励的关系。当我们将目光从一味的制度层面移开,通过对上述两种社会调节方式及其互动关系的比较分析,可以看出:一个社会只有得到制度善德与公民美德的双重支撑,才能达一个较好的和谐状态。
The goodness of the system manifests itself as fair. Institutional justice is a necessary condition for building a harmonious society, but this is not enough. We must also cultivate the virtues of citizens. First of all, a just social system is the foundation and guarantee for the birth and development of the good order of civic goodness. However, the system itself is, after all, formulated and implemented by specific and certain virtues. Second, the social system is rigid , Universal, and civic virtue is individual and flexible, so the two also constitute a complementary and mutually beneficial relationship in terms of content and regulatory features. When we look away from the blind institutional level, we can see from the comparative analysis of the above two social modes of adjustment and their interactive relationship: Only when a society has the double support of the goodness of the system and the virtue of citizens can it be possible to achieve a Good harmony.