一　国有企业转制的尝试自 2 0世纪 30年代瓦加斯政府执政后 ,为了发展本国经济 ,特别是发展工业 ,政府开始干预经济 ,建立和发展新兴产业。当时 ,巴西的大庄园主在经济中占有一定地位 ,但对于建立和发展基础工业来说 ,他们的资金和技术是望尘莫及的。因此 ,发展工业 (民族工业 An attempt to transform state-owned enterprises began in the 1930s when the government of Vargas was in power. In order to develop its own economy, and in particular to develop industry, the government began to intervene in the economy and establish and develop new industries. At that time, the owners of large estates in Brazil occupied a certain position in the economy, but their capital and technology were far behind the establishment and development of basic industries. Therefore, the development of industry (national industry