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目的 探讨大鼠心肌细胞的增龄变化规律。 方法 取雄性大鼠 30只 ,分为幼年组 (出生后 2 0～ 2 5d)、青年组 (3～ 5月 )和老年组 (13～ 15月 )。常规石蜡切片 ,磷钨酸苏木精染色 ,图像分析仪测量心肌细胞的胞面积、核面积、核浆比和核椭圆度。 结果 随着年龄增长 :1 心肌细胞面积、核面积增大 ,核浆比降低 ,核椭圆度增高。 2 心室的细胞面积大于心房 ,左心房、左心室的细胞面积大于右心房、右心室 ,室间隔的细胞面积介于左右心室之间。 3 心肌细胞增粗增长 ,闰盘逐渐清晰、复杂。 结论 细胞核的增长速度相对慢于细胞的增长速度 ;细胞核的形态由圆形逐渐变为椭圆形 ;圆形细胞核是细胞幼稚的重要特征之一 ;心房较心室更具幼稚性。
Aim To investigate the aging changes of rat cardiomyocytes. Methods Thirty male rats were randomly divided into the young group (20 to 25 days after birth), the young group (March to May) and the elderly group (13 to 15 months). Conventional paraffin sections were stained with phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin and the cell area, nucleus area, nucleus-plasma ratio and nuclear ellipticity of myocardial cells were measured by image analyzer. Results With age: 1 myocardial cell area, nuclear area increased, reduced nuclear ratio, nuclear ellipticity increased. 2 ventricular cells larger than the atrium, left atrium, left ventricular cell area larger than the right atrium, right ventricle, interventricular septal cell area between the left and right ventricle. 3 thickening of myocardial cells, intercalated disc gradually clear and complex. Conclusions The growth rate of nucleus is relatively slower than the growth rate of cells. The shape of nucleus gradually changes from circular to oval shape. Circular nucleus is one of the important features of naive cells. Atrial is more naive than ventricular.