按传统的看法,菌血症是细菌从炎症局部向淋巴管或血管直接扩散的结果。近数10年来,由于血管内器械的使用增加,细菌可直接从皮肤进入血流,并已成为目前菌血症最主要的原因。绝大多数菌血症主要由几种细菌引起。在美国,50年代前是肺炎球菌、A族链球菌、嗜血流感杆菌、脑膜炎球菌、沙门氏菌属及金黄色葡萄球菌;50年代以来,革兰氏阴性杆菌菌血症发展到目前令人担心的程度。过去20年中,新生儿的B族链球菌菌血症和成人播散性淋球菌感染也有显著上升。菌血症是一个急性过程,但亦有无症状者。其发 According to the traditional view, bacteremia is the result of bacteria spreading directly from the local inflammation to lymphatic vessels or blood vessels. In recent decades, due to the increased use of endovascular instruments, bacteria can directly enter the blood stream from the skin and have become the most important cause of bacteremia. The vast majority of bacteremia caused by several bacteria. In the United States, before the 1950s are pneumococcal, Group A Streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, meningococcus, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus; since the 1950s, Gram-negative bacteremia developed to the current Degree of worry. Over the past two decades there has also been a significant increase in neonatal B streptococcal bacteremia and adult disseminated gonococcal infections. Bacteremia is an acute process, but there are also asymptomatic. Its hair