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目的了解产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)肠杆菌科细菌在山东某生猪养殖县农村居民中的流行现状及耐药情况,为控制抗生素耐药提供参考依据。方法于2016年7月采用随机抽样方法在山东省东部某畜牧养殖县抽取4个村160名农村常住居民作为研究对象,使用e Swab采样管采集其粪便样本,接种于ESBLs筛选培养基,质谱鉴定菌株型别,根据2015版美国临床和实验室标准进行ESBLs确证试验和药物敏感性试验。结果山东某生猪养殖县160份农村居民的粪便样本中有132份产ESBLs,携带率为82.5%;132份阳性标本中共包含产ESBLs的大肠埃希菌184株和肺炎克雷伯菌23株,共207株菌株;产ESBLs的大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对头孢噻肟、四环素、复方新诺明、环丙沙星、氟苯尼考、庆大霉素、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、磷霉素、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、呋喃妥因、阿米卡星、头孢西丁、美罗培南、替加环素的耐药率分别为100.0%和100.0%、87.0%和95.7%、82.1%和100.0%、64.7%和30.4%、56.5%和43.5%、53.8%和60.9%、31.0%和78.3%、29.9%和69.6%、20.1%和52.2%、13.0%和30.4%、7.1%和0、4.9%和0、0和0、0和56.5%;产ESBLs的大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌中,耐1~2、3~5、6~8和≥9种药物的比例分别为7.3%、50.7%、39.6%和2.4%。结论产ESBLs肠杆菌科细菌在山东农村生猪养殖地区的携带率较高,对头孢噻肟、四环素、复方新诺明等药物耐药性较强。
Objective To understand the prevalence and drug resistance status of Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBLs) Enterobacteriaceae in rural residents of a pig breeding county in Shandong Province, and to provide a reference for the control of antibiotic resistance. Methods A total of 160 rural residents from 4 villages in a livestock breeding county in eastern Shandong Province were selected as research subjects by random sampling in July 2016. The stool samples were collected using e Swab sampling tube and inoculated on ESBLs screening medium and identified by mass spectrometry Strain type, ESBLs confirmatory test and drug susceptibility test according to 2015 American clinical and laboratory standards. Results The stool samples of 160 rural residents in a pig breeding county of Shandong Province had 132 ESBLs in their stool samples, with a carrying rate of 82.5%. Among the 132 positive samples, 184 strains of ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli and 23 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, A total of 207 strains of ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae against cefotaxime, tetracycline, cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, florfenicol, gentamicin, piperacillin / The resistance rates of zolbactam, fosfomycin, amoxicillin / clavulanic acid, nitrofurantoin, amikacin, cefoxitin, meropenem and tigecycline were 100.0% and 100.0%, 87.0% and 95.7 %, 82.1% and 100.0%, 64.7% and 30.4%, 56.5% and 43.5%, 53.8% and 60.9%, 31.0% and 78.3%, 29.9% and 69.6%, 20.1% and 52.2%, 13.0% and 30.4% 7.1% and 0,4.9% and 0,0 and 0,0 and 56.5%, ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to 1 ~ 2,3 ~ 5,6 ~ 8 and ≥ 9 species The proportions of drugs were 7.3%, 50.7%, 39.6% and 2.4% respectively. Conclusion Enterobacteriaceae ESBLs-producing bacteria in rural pig farms in Shandong carrying rate is higher, to cefotaxime, tetracycline, cotrimoxazole and other drugs resistant.