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目的分析职业性噪声聋(ONID)患者心理健康状况与应对方式特点,探讨两者的关联性。方法采用随机抽样方法抽取96例ONID患者作为调查对象,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)进行问卷调查,分析两者的关系。结果 96例ONID患者检出SCL-90筛查阳性患者63例,占65.62%。与全国常模比较,ONID患者SCL-90总分和躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖和精神病性等6个因子得分均较高(P<0.05)。与广东省职业病患者常模比较,ONID患者SCL-90总分和躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执等6个因子得分均较低(P<0.05),精神病性因子得分较高(P<0.01)。ONID患者SCSQ积极应对和消极应对的因子得分均低于全国常模(P≤0.01);其消极应对因子得分低于积极应对因子得分(P<0.01)。除躯体化和焦虑2个因子外,SCL-90总分及其余7个因子得分与消极应对因子得分均呈正相关(P≤0.01);SCL-90总分及各因子与积极应对因子得分均不相关(P>0.05)。Logisitc回归分析结果显示,SCL-90筛查阳性与采用消极应对方式有关联[优势比为4.15,95%可信区间为(1.64~10.52),P<0.01],但与采用积极应对方式无关联(P>0.05)。结论 ONID患者的心理健康水平仍较低。消极应对方式对其心理健康水平影响较大,应重视其心理干预和健康教育,以提高心理健康水平。
Objective To analyze the mental health status and coping style of occupational noise-induced deafness (ONID) patients, and to explore the relationship between them. Methods A total of 96 patients with ONID were selected as random samples to investigate the relationship between the two groups by using the Self-rating Symptom Inventory (SCL-90) and the Simple Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ). Results Sixty-six patients with ONID were detected positive for SCL-90, accounting for 65.62%. Compared with the national norm, the score of SCL-90 score and somatization, obsessive compulsive symptom, depression, anxiety, terror and psychosis in ONID patients were higher (P <0.05). Compared with norm of occupational disease patients in Guangdong province, SCID scores of SCL-90 and somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety, hostility and paranoid in ONID patients were lower (P <0.05) and higher in psychotic factors (P <0.01). The scores of positive coping and negative coping of SCSQ in ONID patients were all lower than those in national norm (P≤0.01). The score of negative coping factors was lower than that of positive coping factors (P <0.01). Except for somatization and anxiety, SCL-90 scores and scores of other 7 factors were positively correlated with negative coping factors (P≤0.01). Scores of SCL-90 and scores of positive coping factors were not Related (P> 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the positive SCL-90 screening was associated with negative coping style (odds ratio 4.15, 95% confidence interval (1.64-10.52), P <0.01], but not related to using positive coping style (P> 0.05). Conclusion ONID patients still have low mental health. Negative coping styles have a greater impact on their mental health level, psychological intervention and health education should be emphasized in order to improve their mental health.