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获得准确的油藏微生物群落信息是开展油藏微生物工业化应用的重要前提.为了解油藏采出液脱离油藏环境后微生物群落结构的变化以及一个时间点的单次取样的代表性,利用目前最先进的高通量测序技术,对胜利油田油藏采出液室温放置5 d内的微生物群落结构以及连续5 d独立取样的同一油井水样间的微生物群落结构开展研究.结果显示,室内放置0-5 d过程中,细菌和古菌群落结构中的优势菌群没有发生明显改变,细菌的优势菌为热硫还原杆菌属(Thermodesulforhabdus)、无色杆菌属(Achromobacter)、沙雷氏菌(Serratia)以及一些未分类的细菌,古菌的优势菌为古生球菌属(Archaeoglobus)、产甲烷球菌属(Methanococcus)和甲烷鬃毛菌属(Methanosaeta).但是细菌和古菌的多样性存在逐渐降低的趋势,其中古菌多样性的变化比细菌更为明显.同时研究也证实同一口油井连续5 d独立取样的样品间,细菌和古菌群落结构中的优势菌群也没有发生较大的变化,与室内放置样品的优势菌属一致,多样性分析同样发现油藏内不同时间点古菌多样性的波动较细菌的大.本研究说明油藏采出液室温放置短期内优势菌群结构具有稳定性,一次取样的油水井样品具有阶段代表性,这可为高通量测序技术在油藏微生物群落结构解析中的应用提供重要理论支撑.
Obtaining accurate reservoir microbial community information is an important prerequisite for the industrialization of reservoir microorganisms.In order to understand the change of microbial community structure and the representative of a single sampling at a time, The most advanced high-throughput sequencing technology to study the microbial community structure within 5 days at room temperature in Shengli Oilfield, and the microbial community structure in the same oil well water sample sampled independently for 5 days. The results showed that indoor placement During the 0-5 d period, there was no significant change in the dominant bacteria in the bacterial and archaeal community structures. The dominant bacteria of the bacteria were Thermodesulforhabdus, Achromobacter, Serratia ( Serratia) and some unclassified bacteria, the dominant bacteria of archaebacteria are Archaeoglobus, Methanococcus and Methanosaeta, but the diversity of bacteria and archaea exists gradually The change trend of archaea diversity is more obvious than that of bacteria.At the same time, the study also confirmed that the same well was continuously sampled for 5 d And the dominant microflora in archaeal communities did not change much, which was in agreement with the dominant bacteria in indoor samples. Diversity analysis also found that the variation of archaeal diversity at different time points in the reservoir was larger than that of bacteria. This study shows that the structure of dominant microflora is stable in the short term when the production fluid of the reservoir is placed at room temperature. The samples of one well sampled oil and water wells are of phase representation. This provides a high-throughput sequencing technique for application in the analysis of microbial community structure in the reservoir Important theoretical support.