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目的探讨成人麻疹的临床特点和流行特征。方法对2006年6月-2008年5月长沙市第一医院分院所收治的258例成人麻疹住院患者资料进行回顾分析。结果成人麻疹的临床特点主要表现全身中毒症状较重,高热多见,卡他症状明显,消化道症状常见,皮疹多典型,出疹时间有所后移。多数可见柯氏斑,结膜充血亦明显,并发症中肝功能及心肌损害易见。多数患者麻疹疫苗未接种或接种史不详。发病季节以春末夏初多见。结论成人麻疹病情较重,但预后良好。其临床特点有相对独特性。流行季节出现一定变化。建议要完善麻疹疫苗接种,重视对成人的后续强化免疫接种。
Objective To explore the clinical features and epidemiological characteristics of adult measles. Methods The data of 258 adult patients with measles admitted from June 2006 to May 2008 in the First Hospital of Changsha City were retrospectively analyzed. Results The main clinical manifestations of adult measles, systemic symptoms of severe poisoning, more common fever, catarrhal symptoms, common gastrointestinal symptoms, rash and more typical rash time has been shifted. Most visible Keshi spot, conjunctival congestion is also obvious complications of liver function and myocardial damage easily seen. The majority of patients with measles vaccination or vaccination history unknown. The onset of the disease is more common in late spring and early summer. Conclusion Adult measles is in a serious condition, but the prognosis is good. Its clinical features are relatively unique. There are some changes in the popular season. Proposed to improve measles vaccination, emphasis on adult follow-up intensive immunization.