众所周知,儿童身心发展是一个不断的由低级向高级、由旧质到新质的连续发展过程。在这个过程中,一方面各年龄阶段表现出不同的典型身心特征,有其相对独立性;另一方面各阶段又是紧密联系、相互衔接的,前一阶段是后一阶段的准备,后一阶段又是前一阶段的必然发展,也就是说,由一个阶段向后继阶段的转变不是一种“突变”,而是一种“渐 It is well known that children’s physical and mental development is a continuous process of continuous development from low to high and from old quality to new quality. In this process, on the one hand, each age stage shows different typical physical and psychological characteristics, and has its relative independence; on the other hand, the stages are closely linked and interlinked, the previous stage is the preparation for the latter stage, the latter Stage is the inevitable development of the previous stage, that is, the transition from one stage to the next stage is not a “mutation”, but a "gradual