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Multilayer Nb2O5 nanoporous films were successfully synthesized on Nb surfaces by the control anodization process in ethylene glycol containing 4 vol% HF and 2 vol% H2O2 electrolyte. The nanoporous films are characterized in detail by field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The Nb2O5 nanoporous films have a multilayer morphology with the side wall thickness of *5 nm, irregular pores with a diameter of *25 nm, and a length of up to 7.39 lm, depending on the anodization time. A mechanism for the multilayer Nb2O5 nanoporous formation was also discussed. These nanoporous materials can be very useful in the fields of solar cells, gas sensors, catalysts, optical filters, and capacitors.
Multilayer Nb2O5 nanoporous films were successfully synthesized on Nb surfaces by the control anodization process in ethylene glycol containing 4 vol% HF and 2 vol% H2O2 electrolyte. The nanoporous films are characterized in detail by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The Nb2O5 nanoporous films have a multilayer morphology with the side wall thickness of * 5 nm, irregular pores with a diameter of * 25 nm, and a length of up to 7.39 lm , depending on the anodization time. A mechanism for the multilayer Nb2O5 nanoporous formation was also discussed. These nanoporous materials can be very useful in the fields of solar cells, gas sensors, catalysts, optical filters, and capacitors.