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microRNA是一类非编码的小分子RNA,通过与靶mRNA的互补来抑制靶mRNA的翻译或者降解靶mRNA,从而在转录后水平对基因表达发挥调控作用。为了快速挖掘向日葵microRNA及其靶基因的相关信息,根据microRNA序列及其前体结构的保守性,在向日葵核酸数据库中预测并分析了向日葵microRNA及其靶基因。经过筛选最终获得了7个向日葵microRNA,其成熟microRNA的长度为18～21nt,前体长度为72～148nt,最小折叠自由能系数为0.90～1.19。获得了向日葵mi-croRNA的靶基因16条,这些靶基因参与了转录调控、营养阶段转换调控、种子萌发调控、花发育调控、信号传递以及环境刺激的响应等过程。
MicroRNAs are a class of non-coding small RNAs which can regulate the gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by inhibiting the translation or degrading of the target mRNAs by complementing the target mRNAs. In order to rapidly find out the related information of sunflower microRNAs and their target genes, the microRNAs and their target genes were predicted and analyzed in the sunflower nucleic acid database according to the conservation of microRNA sequences and their precursor structures. After screening, seven sunflower microRNAs were finally obtained. The mature microRNAs were 18-21 nucleotides in length, 72-148 nt in length and 0.90-1.19 in the minimum folding free energy. Sixteen target genes were obtained from sunflower mi-croRNAs. These target genes are involved in transcriptional regulation, regulation of nutrient phase transition, regulation of seed germination, regulation of flower development, signal transmission and response to environmental stimuli.