《心理学》告诉我们:“迁移”,是指已经获得的知识、技能、甚至方法和态度对学习新知识、新技能的影响。这种影响可能是积极的,也可能是消极的,前者叫“正迁移”,后者叫“负迁移”。“正迁移”表现为一种已经获得的知识对新知识的学习起促进作用,有利于新知识的掌握。例如,分数的有关知识的掌握对于分式的学习。“负迁移”则相反,表现为过去获得的知识对新知识的学习起阻碍作用。例如,旧知识乘法分配律a(b+c)=ab+ac对新知识两角和的正 “Psychology” tells us: “Migration” refers to the acquired knowledge, skills, and even methods and attitudes on learning new knowledge, new skills. This effect may be positive or negative, the former called “positive migration” and the latter “negative migration.” “Positive Migration” is a manifestation of that acquired knowledge can promote the learning of new knowledge and is conducive to the mastery of new knowledge. For example, the mastery of the relevant knowledge of fractions for fractional learning. Negative transfer, on the other hand, shows that the knowledge acquired in the past hinders the learning of new knowledge. For example, the old knowledge multiplication distribution law a (b + c) = ab + ac