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现代“灵肉一元观”是周作人“人的文学”观念中的核心部分,在“五四”新文学发生期产生了重大影响。周作人作为现代“灵肉一元观”在“五四”中国的主要理论代表,力图将这一观念建立在进化论基础上的生物学理论之上,其核心是科学的“人学”观念。现代“灵肉一元观”的理论创新是在传统的“二希”理论框架内完成的,但这一框架又局限了这种科学理论建构的努力,使这一观念未能脱尽形而上学的痕迹。同时这一理论构想潜存着深刻的内在矛盾。
The modern “one-soul view of spirit and meat” is the core part of Zhou Zuoren’s concept of “human literature”, and has had a significant impact in the period of “May 4th” new literature. Zhou Zuoren, as the main theory representative of modern China’s “spiritual reality” in “May 4th” China, attempts to build on this theory of biology based on the theory of evolution. The core of it is the concept of “human learning” of science. The theoretical innovation of the modern “spiritual reality of the soul and spirit” was accomplished within the framework of the traditional “two-handedness” theory. However, this framework has limited the efforts of constructing this scientific theory and has failed to eliminate the notion of metaphysics . At the same time, there is a profound intrinsic contradiction hidden in this theoretical idea.