当今在非形式逻辑和论辩理论领域不断发展的概念和方法,如何早在威格摩尔论证据的著作中得以使用?威格摩尔先前依靠并发展了诸如论证图解、似真推理、推定、证明负担以及基于证明力的相关性概念这样的工具。但从逻辑的角度看,威格摩尔证据理论所需要的工具和技巧还不存在。不管怎样,一旦用这些新方法来补充威格摩尔理论,它看起来就更像一个确实有着与众不同的潜在逻辑结构的论辨框架。由此可以看到,威格摩尔是非形式逻辑运动中一位多么重要的先驱! How can today’s evolving concepts and approaches in non-formal logic and argumentation theory be used as early as in Wigmore’s treatise on evidence? Wigmore relied on and developed arguments such as argumentation diagrams, plausible reasoning, presumption, burden of proof As well as proof-based concepts of relevance. But from a logical point of view, the tools and techniques needed by Wigmore’s theory of evidence do not yet exist. In any case, once these new methods are used to supplement Wigmore’s theory, it looks more like a framework of argument that does indeed have a distinctive underlying logical structure. From this we can see that Wigmore is an important pioneer in the non-formal logic movement!