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应用TAO(Tropical Atmosphere Ocean project)热带太平洋实测海温和风场资料,分析研究了发生在2009/2010年的El Nio事件的变化特征,讨论了此次El Nio事件发生过程中,赤道东、西太平洋次表层异常海温的变化特征及其传播过程,特别是对赤道太平洋次表层异常海温变化的过程进行了深入分析研究。结果表明,2009/2010年赤道太平洋的增温主要存在两个不同的过程。一是西太平洋暖池(WPWP)区域次表层异常海温沿温跃层东传,以及赤道东太平洋的局地增温导致赤道东太平洋上层海洋增温过程。二是中西太平洋区域的异常西风加强,使得在中太平洋产生强的风场辐合,导致表层较高海温下传(downwelling),使中太平洋次表层异常海温再次升高,从而导致赤道东太平洋表层出现第2次增温过程。这一研究结果表明,2009/2010年赤道太平洋增温过程与以往的El Nio事件过程有所不同,此次事件不仅包括了经典的暖事件形成过程,同时也具备了中部型El Nio(Central Pacific Pattern ElNio,简称CPP El Nio)事件的特征。此次异常海温信号不仅与热带太平洋次表层异常海温信号通道中的异常海温循环有关,还与中西太平洋区域的大气风场异常强迫引起的中太平洋次表层异常海温信号增强过程存在密切关系。
The tropical Pacific Ocean (TAO) data of tropical Pacific Ocean measured sea surface temperature and wind field are used to analyze and study the characteristics of El Nio events that occurred in 2009/2010. During the El Nio event, The variation characteristics of the subsurface anomalous SST in the eastern and western Pacific Ocean and its propagation process, especially the process of the anomalous SST anomalous changes in the equatorial Pacific, are analyzed in depth. The results show that there are mainly two different processes of warming in the equatorial Pacific in 2009/2010. First, the subsurface anomalous SST in the West Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) region extends along the thermocline and local warming in the eastern equatorial Pacific leads to the warming of the upper ocean in the eastern equatorial Pacific. The second is the intensification of the anomalous westerly in the western and western Pacific region, resulting in a strong convergence of wind fields in the mid-Pacific Ocean, resulting in the downwelling of the surface upper-ocean surface temperature and the resurgence of the anomalous subsurface sea-level anomalies in the mid-Pacific Ocean, resulting in the equatorial eastern Pacific surface The second warming process. The results of this study show that the 2009/2010 equatorial Pacific warming process is different from that of the El Nio incident in the past. This incident not only includes the formation of classic warm events, but also includes the central El Ni o (Central Pacific Pattern El Niño, CPP El Nio) event. The abnormal SST signal is not only related to the abnormal SST cycle in the anomalous SST signal channel in the tropical Pacific Ocean but also closely related to the SST signal enhancement process in the mid-Pacific sub-surface due to the abnormal forced wind field in the western and western Pacific relationship.