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以陕西渭北旱塬典型苹果园为研究对象,运用SPSS数理统计软件进行数据分析,对该区洛川县不同种植年限苹果园土壤重金属含量进行研究,试图阐明种植年限对果园土壤发育过程的影响。结果表明:该区苹果园的高投入种植管理模式,能够影响重金属在土壤中的迁移与富集,使土壤重金属含量发生明显变化。随着树龄的增加(0→60 a),在0~20,20~40、40~60 cm各土层砷含量的差异逐渐减小(4.1→0.4 mg/kg);40 a树龄果园土壤铬含量在各个土层均达最高值(分别为:87.3、89.7和94.6 mg/kg),而60 a果园则在各个土层均达最低值(分别为:76.0、79.5和73.3 mg/kg);0~20 cm,铜含量与镍含量随树龄增加呈线性递增趋势(22.9→31.7 mg/kg与29.6→31.9 mg/kg);不同种植年限果园土壤铅含量均随土层深度的增加而降低;不同种植年限果园土壤锌含量随土层深度的变化没有明显的变化规律。不同树龄果园土壤环境指标的综合污染指数均小于0.7,土壤环境质量为清洁。
Taking the typical apple orchard in Weibei arid highland of Shaanxi as the research object, the SPSS software was used to analyze the data of heavy metal contents in apple orchard soils in different planting years in Luochuan County in this area, trying to clarify the influence of planting years on soil development in orchard . The results showed that the management mode of high input cultivation of apple orchard in this area could affect the migration and enrichment of heavy metals in soil, and the content of heavy metals in soil changed obviously. With the increase of the age (0 → 60 a), the difference of arsenic contents in the soil layers 0 ~ 20, 20 ~ 40 and 40 ~ 60 cm gradually decreased (4.1 → 0.4 mg / kg) The content reached the highest values in all soil layers (87.3, 89.7 and 94.6 mg / kg, respectively), while the 60 orchard reached the lowest value in all soil layers (76.0, 79.5 and 73.3 mg / kg, respectively) The contents of copper and nickel increased linearly with the increase of tree age (22.9 → 31.7 mg / kg and 29.6 → 31.9 mg / kg). The lead content of orchard soil decreased with the depth of soil layer in different planting years. The soil zinc content in different planting years of orchard did not change obviously with the depth of soil layer. The comprehensive pollution index of soil environmental indexes of orchard with different age were less than 0.7, and the environmental quality of the soil was clean.