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目的:探讨女性下生殖道白假丝酵母菌耐药性及多药耐药基因CDR1和CDR2的表达。方法:培养、分离女性下生殖道假丝酵母菌感染耐药菌株,进行菌种鉴定、药敏试验和耐药性分析,应用RT-PCR检测多药耐药基因CDR1和CDR2的表达。结果:272例培养阳性的菌株中白假丝酵母菌、光滑假丝酵母菌、热带假丝酵母菌和克柔假丝酵母菌分别占79.8%、9.56%、8.10%和2.57%。217例白假丝酵母菌耐药菌株中特比耐芬耐药率最高,达94.93%,伊曲康唑和咪康唑的耐药率分别为15.21%和5.99%。RT-PCR显示白假丝酵母菌株耐药组CDR1和CDR2高表达。结论:女性下生殖道假丝酵母菌感染仍以白假丝酵母菌为主,非白假丝酵母菌感染呈上升趋势,白假丝酵母菌对常用抗真菌药物的耐药性呈上升趋势。白假丝酵母菌多药耐药基因CDR1和CDR2高表达,与临床白假丝酵母菌耐药密切相关。
Objective: To investigate the genital Candida albicans resistance and multidrug resistance genes CDR1 and CDR2 expression in female. Methods: The female genital Candida infections were cultured and isolated. The strain identification, drug sensitivity test and drug resistance analysis were performed. The expression of CDR1 and CDR2 of multidrug resistance gene was detected by RT-PCR. Results: 272 strains of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei accounted for 79.8%, 9.56%, 8.10% and 2.57%, respectively. Among the 217 Candida albicans resistant strains, the rate of terbinafine was the highest (94.93%), the rates of itraconazole and miconazole were 15.21% and 5.99%, respectively. RT-PCR showed that Candida albicans resistant group CDR1 and CDR2 high expression. CONCLUSION: Candida albicans infection in lower genital tract of women is still predominantly Candida albicans, non-Candida albicans infection is on the rise, and Candida albicans resistance to commonly used antifungal agents is on the rise. Candida albicans multidrug resistance genes CDR1 and CDR2 overexpression, and clinical Candida albicans resistance are closely related.