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公元前323年亚历山大大帝去世后不久,其帝国东部地区落入帝国将军塞琉古·尼卡陀的控制之下。公元前250年前后,巴克特里亚—索格底亚纳的狄米特律斯夺取了该地并在这里建立了一个独立的希腊王国,即今日的阿富汗所在地。此后的一个世纪,有一系列的国王相继统治这一希腊文明最东部前哨的希腊—巴克特里亚王国及印度—希腊王国。此时的中国注定会对巴克特里亚的希腊政权产生巨大的影响。公元前145年至前130年间,希腊—巴克特里亚王国遭到两股武装游牧部落的侵袭而最终覆灭,来袭者即萨迦人和月氏人,后者是被强大的匈奴人驱赶出甘肃和新疆来到此地的。本文从古钱币、历史文本和考古发现等多个角度考察征服希腊—巴克特里亚王国这一历史事件,认为此事堪称世界史上的第一件大事,至少确定无疑的是,这是西方和中国的史学家都有记载的第一个历史事件。
Shortly after the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC, the eastern part of the empire fell under the control of the general Empire, Seleucus Nikatto. Around 250 BC, the Diotetes of Bactria-Sogdiana seized it and established here an independent Greek kingdom, the seat of today’s Afghanistan. Over the next century, a series of kings headed the Greek-Bactrian kingdoms and the Indian-Greek kingdom, which ruled the eastern outpost of the Greek civilization. At this time, China is doomed to have a huge impact on the Greek regime in Bactria. Between 145 and 130 BC, the Kingdom of Greece, the Kingdom of Bactria, was eventually defeated by the attack of two armed nomadic tribesmen, the Sakya and the Moon, who were driven by the mighty Huns Gansu and Xinjiang came here. This article examines the historical conquest of the Greek-Bactrian kingdom from the perspectives of ancient coins, historical texts, and archeological discoveries, and regards the matter as the first major event in the history of the world. At least it is certain that this is Western And Chinese historians have documented the first historical event.