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以渭南市临渭区对农田和果园两种土地利用方式下土壤养分分层现象进行研究,其中农田进行了连续13年的机械化秸秆全量还田。通过采样分析,研究不同土地利用方式和秸秆还田对土壤有机碳、活性有机碳、全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量和分层的影响,以期为不同土地利用方式和秸秆还田对土壤养分含量和分层提供科学参考。结果表明,两种土地利用方式下土壤有机碳、活性有机碳、全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量随土壤剖面递增逐渐减小;两种土地利用方式对土壤各养分分层趋势的影响不同,各养分(除速效磷)三个层次间的分层比均是农田大于果园;采用秸秆还田后的农田土壤表层(0~5 cm)养分含量显著高于果园,并且养分在农田的三个层次间的差异比果园大,表明秸秆全量还田能加速土壤养分分层趋势。
We studied the stratification of soil nutrients in farmland and orchard under the two land use patterns in Linwei District of Weinan City, in which mechanized straw returning to farmland for 13 consecutive years was carried out. Through sampling analysis, the effects of different land use types and straw return on soil organic carbon, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and stratification were studied in order to study the effects of different land use types and straw return on soil nutrients Content and stratification to provide a scientific reference. The results showed that the contents of soil organic carbon, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium decreased with soil profile increment under the two land use patterns. The two land use patterns had different effects on soil nutrient stratification trends, The stratification ratios of all nutrients (except available phosphorus) were higher in farmland than in orchards. The contents of nutrients in surface soil (0-5 cm) of straw soils were significantly higher than those in orchards, and the three nutrients The difference between the layers is larger than that of the orchard, indicating that returning the straw to soil in full amount can accelerate the trend of stratification of soil nutrients.