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技术进步既包括科技发明等“硬”技术进步,又包括制度创新、管理创新等“软”技术进步。首先利用包含能源投入和环境污染产出的全要素生产率指数(Malmqusit指数)将中国各省份技术进步分解为代表“硬”技术进步的科技进步指数和代表“软”技术进步的纯技术效率指数和规模效率指数,然后以能源生产率指数表征能源效率,用面板数据计量分析方法分四大经济区域研究了技术进步各组成部分对能源效率的影响。结果表明,科技进步对能源效率改善贡献率最大,纯技术效率和规模效率贡献率大致相当,而从区域来看,技术进步三大组成部分对能源效率的提高程度,东北和中部要大于东部和西部。
Technological progress includes both “hard” technological advances such as inventions of science and technology, and “soft” technological progress such as institutional innovation and management innovation. First, we use the total factor productivity index (Malmqusit index), which includes energy input and environmental pollution output, to decompose the technological progress in each province in China into the pure science and technology progress index and the pure Technical efficiency index and scale efficiency index, then energy efficiency index is used to characterize the energy efficiency, and panel data econometric methods are used to study the impact of each component of technological progress on energy efficiency in four economic regions. The results show that the contribution of science and technology to energy efficiency improvement is the largest, while that of pure technology efficiency and scale efficiency is roughly the same. However, from the regional perspective, the improvement of energy efficiency by the three major components of technological progress is greater in the northeast and central regions than in the east and west.