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我国是世界上人工林面积最大的国家,如何科学地经营人工林,持续地发挥人工林的多种效益是目前迫切需要解决的问题。文中结合在海南、云南、四川、陕西、北京等地开展的近自然森林经营试点研究,提出了人工林近自然化改造的理论基础和实施技术,包括人工林近自然化改造的目标和技术指标、人工林近自然改造的不同作业模式及以目标树为特征的林分作业体系。最后讨论了规避近自然化改造风险的规划方法。这些理论和实施技术可为我国人工林近自然化改造工作提供参考和借鉴。
China is the largest country in the world in plantations. How to run plantations scientifically and give full play to the multiple benefits of plantations is an urgent issue to be solved. Based on the pilot study of near natural forest management in Hainan, Yunnan, Sichuan, Shaanxi and Beijing, the paper put forward the theoretical basis and implementation technology of near natural transformation of artificial forest, including the objective and technical index of near natural transformation of artificial forest , Different modes of operation near natural transformation of plantations, and stand operation system characterized by the target tree. Finally, the planning method to avoid the risk of near natural transformation is discussed. These theories and implementation techniques can provide reference and reference for the near natural transformation of plantation in our country.