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我国明代伟大的医药学家李时珍(1518～1593年)所撰的举世闻名的药学巨著《本草纲目》,不但在药物的性味、功能、主治、附方等有关临床应用方面集16世纪以前本草之大成,而且在药材品种辩疑正误论述等方面也具有其杰出的贡献。本文仅就后者这一方面作如下初步探讨。一、能从近缘植物中辩识出不同的物种,考订正确,论述精辟。李时珍对药材中的不少近缘植物,不但能从分类的角度,将它们归到一起,先后并列,而且还能辨识精微,区别物种。萆薢、菝葜、土茯苓是古今长期混
The world-famous Pharmacy Masterpiece “Compendium of Materia Medica” written by Li Shizhen (1518~1593), a great medical scientist of the Ming Dynasty in China, not only set the 16th century before the clinical application of the drug’s taste, function, indications, and prescriptions. The great achievements, but also in the debate on the varieties of medicinal herbs are misunderstood and other aspects also have its outstanding contribution. This article only makes a preliminary discussion on the latter aspect. First, we can identify different species from related plants. Li Shizhen’s many closely related plants in medicinal materials can not only be classified from the perspective of classification, they are juxtaposed, and they can identify subtleties and distinguish species. Earthworms, earthworms, and earthworms are long-term mixed