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说起神经递质,人们首先想到的是乙酰胆碱(ACh)、去甲肾上腺素(NA)、γ-氨基丁酸(GABA),这些胺类和氨基酸类物质,它们都是分子量在100～200左右的小分子化合物,一般称为“经典递质”。近年来,在神经系统中发现了不少具有生物活性的肽类物质,也参与神经信息的传递,被称为神经肽。这些肽大多是由5～10个氨基酸组成,分子量在500～5000之间。最早发现的神经肽是 P 物质(SP),这是 Von Euler 和Gaddum 50余年前从牛肠中分离出来的;其后,发现它也存在于脑,是典型的“脑肠肽”。但神经肽问题真正引起人们的注意,开始于70年代中期,当时英国的 Hughes 和 Kosterlitz 发现了脑啡肽(ENK);接着人们又发现了内啡肽(EP)和强啡肽(DYN),从而掀起了一个研究阿片肽的高潮。进入80年代以来,由于蛋白
Speaking of neurotransmitters, people first think of acetylcholine (ACh), norepinephrine (NA), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), these amines and amino acids, which are all around the molecular weight of 100 to 200 Small molecule compounds, commonly known as “classic transmitter.” In recent years, many neuropeptides have been found in the nervous system. They are also involved in the transmission of neural information, which is called neuropeptide. Most of these peptides are composed of 5 to 10 amino acids, molecular weight between 500 to 5000. The first neuropeptide found was substance P (SP), which was isolated from beef intestine more than 50 years ago by Von Euler and Gaddum; later it was found to also be present in the brain, a typical “gut peptide.” But the neuropeptide problem really caught the attention of people, beginning in the mid-1970s when enkephalin (ENK) was discovered by Hughes and Kosterlitz in the UK; then the endorphins (EP) and dynorphin (DYN) Which set off a climax of opioid research. Into the 80’s, due to the protein